Repetition is rarely a “bad writing” problem. It’s usually a sign you’re thinking on the page, circling the idea until it feels safe. The goal isn’t to strip your writing bare; it’s to keep the strongest line and remove the echoes around it.
Repetition tends to show up in a few predictable ways:
You explain the same point twice in different words.
Lots of sentences begin the same way or follow the same rhythm.
Repeated softeners like: just, really, quite, a bit, in order to, actually, perhaps.
Two examples that do the same job, when one would land better.
Try this quick “keep one, cut two” pass:
Underline the strongest sentence in the paragraph
The one that carries the meaning cleanly, in your natural voice.
Cut anything that repeats it
If two sentences do one job, keep the best one.
Combine when needed
Sometimes the answer isn’t deletion; it’s merging two half-sentences into one good sentence.
Read aloud once
Your ear will catch redundancy faster than your eyes.
If you’ve ever cut repetition and thought, “Well…now it’s technically fine, but it’s lost its warmth,” use these safeguards:
Keep one vivid phrase per paragraph: a small line of personality, a human note
Vary sentence length: a long sentence can feel generous; a short one can land like a bell
Don’t delete emphasis; move it. Keep the emphasis once, in the best spot
If you’re short on time, check these hotspots first:
intros to chapters (throat-clearing)
conclusions (re-stating everything)
any paragraph beginning with “In other words…” or “What I mean is…”
Course 1: Editing Foundations helps you spot common first-draft habits (including repetition) and tighten your writing without sanding off your voice.